黑洞社区

1 Wembley stadium

Multiplex clinched the 拢326.5m contract to rebuild Wembley in 2000. Bovis Lend Lease, its jilted partner, threatened to sue, unaware that it had escaped the project from hell.

Problems began to surface in 2004, as the project became the butt of more jokes and column inches than Sven-G枚ran Eriksson鈥檚 sex life. That summer steel contractor Cleveland Bridge walked off the scheme, but it wasn鈥檛 until 2006 that Multiplex admitted it was in trouble. Martin Tidd, its UK managing director, said in January that the project would have to run 鈥渁s smoothly as a Swiss watch鈥� if it was to open in time for the FA Cup final. Actually it ran as smoothly as a one-legged man in a sack race: there were problems with drainage and concrete and five contractors went bust trying to complete their works.

One result of all this was that the cost of the stadium rose to 拢757m and the main players began talking to their lawyers. Multiplex and client Wembley National Stadium Ltd settled out of court, but the dispute between Multiplex and Cleveland Bridge turned into a three-year war of attrition, ending in a self-defeating victory for Multiplex, which was awarded 拢6m and 20% of the legal costs (about 拢2m). It had claimed up to 拢25m. The bill for photocopying came to 拢1m.

2 Clissold Leisure Centre, Hackney

This east London swimming and sports centre was described by Jonathan Glancey in The Guardian as an example of 鈥減olitical hubris, overarching ambition, millennial folly and evidence of the decline of local authority expertise in one building鈥�. A users group listed 59 defects in the building when it opened in 2002, including the siting of the children鈥檚 changing areas next to 2m deep water. In the end it took 11 years to build and had a final price tag of 拢45m. Stephen Hodder, its architect, lost his London office, his marriage and 拢250,000 of his own money.

3 Bath Spa

This was meant to take the town back to its Georgian heyday, but ended up 拢33m over budget and five years late. The project was supposed to cost 拢13m and finish in 2001, but a series of defects and disputes between Mowlem, Grimshaw and the council meant it opened in August 2006 at a cost of 拢45m.

4 The Scottish parliament

This opened in 2006, more than a year late and 10 times its budget (the first, ridiculous, estimate was 拢40m). A public inquiry criticised the management of the whole project, but essentially blamed nobody. Bovis Lend Lease blamed the architects (Enric Miralles and RMJM) for constantly demanding changes.

5 The Millennium Bridge

Another flagship that sprung a leak was the Norman Foster/Anthony Caro/Arup Millennium Footbridge. First called the Blade of Light, it was quickly rebranded as the Wobbly Bridge. When it opened in 2000, pedestrians who fell into 鈥渃adenced step鈥� set it swaying. It was closed for two years.

6 The National Physical Laboratory

Many felt sympathy for Laing, and NG Bailey, its M&E contractor, because the specifications for the job were more like brain surgery than building. Laing handed over the job in 2001, then took it back when the air-conditioning failed to perform. The DTI gave up in 2005, and Laing took its 拢70m loss and got on with being a PFI investor. Arup cracked the problem this year 鈥� something of a triumph, since it beat scientists鈥� specifications.