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Nursing, residential and long-stay hospital care of elderly, chronically ill and physically disabled people, places by sector, UK 1970-1994
Residential* home placesÌýÌýÌýNursing** home placesÌýLong-stay geriatric placesLong-stay psycho-geriatric places Long-stay young disabled person placesTotal places
Local AuthorityÌýPrivateVoluntaryPrivateVoluntaryNHSNHSNHSÌý
1987135,500114,60042,20052,0008,30043,000ÌýÌýÌý
1988133,500127,90043,00068,7009,60051,400†29,3002,500465,800
1989129,800143,20039,90088,60010,40049,500‡28,2002,500492,100
1990125,600155,60040,000112,60010,50047,200‡27,0002,500521,000
1991117,400161,20041,900135,20012,10044,400‡24,5002,400539,100
1992105,200162,40046,900152,80013,70040,200‡23,5002,300547,000
199395,000165,40051,000168,20015,00037,800‡22,3002,200556,900
199486,400167,50050,700178,80016,00034,700‡20,1002,100556,300
Source: Care of Elderly People. Market survey 1995. Eighth edition. Laing & Buisson
*Includes residential places in dual registration homes.
** Includes nursing places in dual registration homes.
† The increase in 1988 is caused by reclassification of hospital types when Komer aggregates were introduced.
‡ NHS long stay geriatric beds estimated since 1988 on the assumption that acute/rehabilitation geriatric beds in England have remained constant and all the decline in beds in the speciality of geriatrics overall is attributable to loss of long stay beds.
Typical minimum design provisions for a nursing home
Bedrooms:
Single10-11.2 m2, one patient per rooms, doors must be lockable
Double 8-9m2 per person is the current standard, no more than 30% of patients should be accommodated in shared rooms
Ceiling height2.3 m minimum
LayoutPreferably in grouped suites of 10-12 rooms each with their own day rooms/ living and nursing facilities
Corridor widthsMinimum width 1.5 m between handrails at convenient heights
Day space2.3 m2 per bed, plus dining space. At least two day rooms are required for homes with more than 30 beds
WashingA minimum of one washbasin in each patient's room with elbow-action taps
BathroomsMinimum 8.5 m2, based on one bath for every eight patients and including provision for grab-rail, etc
ToiletsMinimum 4 m2, one for every six patients if combined with a bathroom, one for every eight elsewhere and including grab-rail provision, etc
Sluice roomsMinimum 3.7 m2, at least one for each floor, preferably one per unit
Water servicesCold water should be kept and distributed at below 20°C. Hot water should be stored at 60°C. Mixer valves should ensure baths run at a fixed temperature of 43°C
Heating (general recommended levels)
Bathrooms, toilets and undressing rooms, etc21°°ä
Bedrooms, day rooms, etc18°°ä
Corridors, staircases, etc16°°ä
ÌýAll radiators should be below surface temperature radiators in line with Department of Health guidelines
VentilationNatural ventilation is preferred throughout to maintain a fresh atmosphere, but any internal services rooms, toilets, kitchens, sluice and drug rooms will require mechanical ventilation
LightingNatural light is preferred. Window areas should be equal to a minimum of 10% of the floor area. A light fitting should be placed over each bedhead, as well as centrally at ceiling level, and both should be controlled by dimmer switches
Nurse callNurse-call facilities should be available by each bed and in bathrooms, toilets
Telephone/TVA telephone point and TV aerial system should be available in all rooms, and points should be similar to hotel standards
Net to gross areas for the model nursing home
Bedroom wingsÌýÌýAdministration / hotel servicesÌýÌý
m2% m2%
EFD bedrooms x 2427015.52Reception704.02
En-suite WC x 24442.53Concourse854.89
Dementia bedroom x 2426615.29Staff rooms, toilets, etc543.1
Assisted baths/sluices, etc1186.78Administration areas402.3
Kitchen (local)221.26Kitchen (central)301.73
Drugs90.52Laundry271.55
Circulation areas26014.94Circulation areas704.02
Living areas22512.93Conference areas321.84
Stores, plant rooms, etc110.63Stores, plant rooms, etc402.3
Internal walls452.59Internal walls221.26
TOTAL (1740 m2 - 100%)127072.99 47027.01
Costs and the cost model
ÌýElement cost (£)Cost /m2 gfa (£)% of total cost
Substructure76 00043.686.15
125 mm reinforced concrete power-floated slab on damp-proof membrane, sand and 150 mm hardcoreÌý1740 m2 @£25
450 x 700 mm concrete foundations to external walls with brick/block up to dpc levelÌý450 m @£65
300 x 700 mm concrete foundations to internal loadbearing walls with block up to dpc levelÌý100 m @£32.50
Frame---
Timber frame structure included within other elementsÌýÌýÌý
Roof182 340104.7914.75
Redland Richmond concrete tiles on battens, sarking felt and timber roof trusses @ 600 mm spacingsÌý--
100 mm mineral wool insulation between ceiling joists (2100 m2 plan area; 2470 m2 slope tile area)Ìý2100 m2 @£70
Eaves detail comprising 22 x 144 mm softwood facia, 38 x 75 mm softwood framing, 25 x 100 mm softwood tongue-and groove softwood boarding to soffit 450 mm wide and 100 x 88 mm aluminium gutter with downpipesÌý444 m @£60
Gablette ends comprising 50 x 50 mm and 75 x 50 mm softwood framing, 44 x 69 mm and 94 x 69 mm softwood surround, 9.5 mm plywood sheathing and 25 x 100 mm softwood tongue-and-groove diagonal softwood boarding including lead flashingsÌý30 m2 @£170
Velux roof windows; mainly electronic openingÌý8 m2 @£450
External walls77 66044.636.29
Timber frame and brick clad (facings Freshfield First Quality multi-facints, provisional cost £195 per 1000, with bands and sills of Redland Haunchwood blue engineering bricks, all in colourd mortar) as composite cavity wall with inner skin of 38 x 89 mm softwood framing with breather membrane facing cavity, 9.5 mm plywood sheathing, 90 mm mineral wool insulation betwen studs, 500 gauge polythene vapour check and 12.7 mm Gyproc moisture-resistant wall board to inner face with one coat of Drywall TopcoatÌý680 m2 @£92.50
Timber framing and composite beams over window heads with 9.5 mm plywood sheathing, 500 gauge polythene vapour check and 12.7 mm Gyproc moisture-resistant wall board to inner face with one coat of Dywall TopcoatÌý130 m2 @£65
Bay window detial 450 mm deep comprising 50 x 100 mm and 38 x 75 mm softwood framing, 50 x 50 mm noggings, 25 x 125 TG&V jointed softwood boarding and insulation, etc. Rate per m2 based on window face excluding window returnsÌý34 m2 @£125
Special brick oranmental chimney to concourse areaÌý-£2,060
External windows and doors52 2503034.23
Wrought softwood windows with double-glazed units and 25 x 130 mm softwood sills Ìý214 m2 @£175
Pair of softwood fully glazed entrance doors in softwood frame including ironmongery and elctro-magnetic closersÌý1 @£1,200
Softwood half-glazed doors in softwood frame inlcuding ironmongery and electro-magnetic closers ÌýSingle 16 @£600
ÌýÌýPair 3 @£800
Pair of softwood horizontal ouvred doors in softwood frame including ironmongery Ìý2 @£800
Internal walls58 76033.774.76
Timber-frame parition of 38 x 89 mm softwood framing covered on both sides with one layer of 12.7 mm Gyproc wall board and one coat of Drywall TopcoatÌý1540 m2 @£37
Half-hour fire-resistant timber-frame partition of 38 x 89 mm softwood framing covered on both sides wiht one layer of 12.7 mm Gyproc fireline and one coat of Drywall TopcoatÌý10 m2 @£40
33 x 115 mm softwood framing to fully glazed borrowed lights/screensÌý4 m2 @£300
100 mm Lignacite 7 N/m2 block as masonry connection walls to drug stores Ìý10 m2 @£18
Internal doors53 45030.724.33
35 mm veneered flush single doors in softwood frame including ironmongeryÌý20 @£200
44 mm veneered 30/30 fireshield single door with in softwood frames including ironmongeryÌý100 @£280
44 mm veneered 30/30 fireshield doors with vision panels in softwood frames including ironmongeryÌýSingle 10 @£350
ÌýÌýPair 4 @£600
Pair of softwood fully glazed lobby doors in softwood frame inlcuding inronmongery Ìý1 @£1,450
Polyester powder-coated galvanised steel server shutterÌý3 m2 @£520
Timber self-coiling rolling grille with 25 mm oak lathsÌý19 m2 @£510
Beta Naco aluminium louvre with 6 mm glass louvresÌý4 m2 @£300
Insulated trap doors complete with framesÌý15 @£110
Wall finishes13 0007.471.05
Plasterboard to walls included with associated structural elements 12.7 mm Gyproc wallbaord dry lining fixed to blockwork on dabs including one coat of Drywall TopcoatÌý40 m2 @£10
105 x 105 x 5 mm coloured glazed wall tilesÌý360 m2 @£35
Ceiling finishes11 2206.450.91
One layer of 12.7 mm Gyproc plasterboard and one coat of Drywall TopcoatÌý1650 m2 @£6.80
Floor finishes42 00024.143.4
No screed as floor power-floatedÌý--
Baraflor carpets to bedrooms, circulation areas, etcÌý1087 m2 @£20
Polyflor XL vinyl sheeting to stores, laundry and sewing areas, etcÌý74 m2 @£16
2 mm Polysafe slip-resistant vinyl sheeting to wet areasÌý206 m2 @£21
Polytread acoustic vinyl sheeting bedroomsÌý293 m2 @£18.50
Gradus S1100 mm high vinyl skirtingsÌý763 m @£5.50
Matwell and matting to entrance lobby Ìý5 m2 @£400
SundriesÌý-£3,132
Decorations33 20019.082.69
ExternalÌý-£3,200
InternalÌý-£30 000
Furniture and fittings38 20021.953.09
Kitchen fittings (30 m2 of kitchen area)Ìý-£7,000
Laminated worktopsÌý7 m2 @£300
Lamiated vanity units 800 x 600 mm on legsÌý30 @£275
45 mm diameter softwood mopstick corridor handrails on core rails and brackets Ìý113 m @£16
44 x 19 mm softwood corner protection fillets screwed and pellatedÌý114 m @£4.75
Grab towel rails, etc for en-suite WCsÌý20 @£105
Assisted bathrooms Ìý12 @£325
MirrorsÌý20 @£22.50
SignsÌý-£1,800
WC cubicles, pinboards, other sundries etcÌý-£10 250
Sanitary appliances30 00017.242.43
79 wash-hand basins, 36 WCs, 11 steel sinks, 4 cleaners' sinks, 3 assisted baths and 6 showersÌý-£16 500
Special Parker baths Ìý3 @£4,500
Services equipment60 00034.484.86
Kitchen equipment (30 m2 of kitchen area)Ìý-£27 000
Laundry equipment (20 m2 of laundry area)Ìý-£15 000
Sluice equipment (18 m2 in 4 rooms)Ìý-£18 000
Disposal installations6 96040.56
Soil and vent pipework in grey PVCu waste pipework in white ABS Ìý1740 m2 @£4
Water installations69 600405.63
Hot and cold water installtion in copper with cold water storage tanksÌý1740 m2 @£40
Space heating and air treatment115 35066.39.34
Radiator low surface temperature hot water heating to reception, circulation, bedrooms, etc and heat sourceÌý1740 m2 @£52.50
Ventilation systems to specific roomsÌý200 m2 @£120
Gas installations4 5002.590.36
Internal gas suppliesÌý-£4,500
Electrical installations93 20053.567.54
Main switchgear and distribution (standby generator provision only)Ìý1740 m2 @£7
Small power installationÌý1740 m2 @£10
Lighting and emergency lighting installation including dimmer switches and bedhead and other light fittingsÌý1740 m2 @£36.15
Computer trunking/ducting installationÌý-£720
Protective installations9 0005.170.73
Lightining protectionÌý-£9,000
Communications installations44 190 25.393.58
Fire alarm smoke detector system with 22 fire alarm call pointsÌý1740 m2 @£13
Telephone system of 62 telephone pointsÌý1740 m2 @£3.50
Nurse-call system with two pagers, 22 door alarms and 70 call units Ìý1740 m2 @£6.90
Television aerial systemÌý1740 m2 @£2
Builders' work in connection with services8 5204.90.69
Associated holes, sleeves, plant basesÌý-£8,520
Sub-total1 079 400620.3487.37
PreliminariesÌýÌýÌý
Contractor's management and staff, site accommodation and other prelminary items, say 9%97 00055.757.85
Design fees, say 5%59 000 33.914.78
BUILDING TOTAL1 235 400710100
External works174 00010014.09
General sight clearance, excavation, levelling, removal, etcÌý-£26 000
Tarmacadam road surfacing on hardcore including kerbs, etcÌý936 m2 @£20
Tarmacadam surfacing to timber-edged winding pathsÌý100 m2 @£21
Precast concrete paving on lean concrete mixÌý328 m2 @£20
Grassed areas Ìý2017 m2 @£4.70
1.2 m polyester-coated galvanised metal roll-top fencing and gatesÌý72 m @£70
Planted areas Ìý207 m2 @£4.70
Concrete edgings as mowing marginsÌý389 m @£3.65
ºÚ¶´ÉçÇø drainageÌý1740 m2 @£30
Surface water drainageÌý3840 m2 @£25
External services runs, connections and building work in connection with external works Ìý-£25 000
Construction cost1 409 400810114.09
Client's furnishing cost235 600135.416.71
Furniture, etcÌý-£130 000
Soft furnishingsÌý-£52 000
Medical equipment Ìý-£30 000
LinenÌý-£6,500
Additional kitchen equipmentÌý-£30 000
UtensilsÌý-£6,600
Office equipmentÌý-£5,000
ÌýÌýÌýÌý
Client's furnishing cost1 645 000945.4133.16
(Excluding external consulants, planning and building fees etc)ÌýÌýÌý
Regional Factors
All the costs are based on a scheme in the South-east. Data should therefore be adjusted by the following location factors for schemes in other regions
RegionFactors
Inner London1.07-1.08
Outer London1.01
East Anglia0.95
East Midlands0.92
Northern0.94
Northern Ireland0.8
North-west0.93
Scotland1.01
South-east1
South-west0.92
Wales0.93
West Midlands0.92
Yorkshire and Humberside0.93