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| Inflation rates and forecasts | ||||||||||||||||
| Price inflation (%) | ºÚ¶´ÉçÇø tender price inflation (%) | |||||||||||||||
| Country | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 |
| Austria | – | – | – | – | 0.9 | 2.0 | – | – | 3.4 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.5 | – | – |
| Cyprus | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 7.7 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 6.3 | 11.9 | 10.7 | 5.2 |
| Czech Republic | 9.0 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.3 | – | 18.3 | 3.5 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 6.7 |
| Denmark | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 5.5 | 1.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 2.4 | 7.0 | 1.5 | 4.3 | 4.1 |
| Finland | 1.3 | -0.8 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 1.6 | – | –0.4 | –7.4 | 9.1 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 1.5 | 2.3 | – |
| France | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 1.6 |
| Germany | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.6 | – | 2.4 | 2.1 | –2.5 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | – | – |
| Hungary | 29.8 | 23.0 | 18.0 | 14.5 | 10.5 | 9.5 | – | – | 27.3 | 14.0 | 19.0 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 9.5 | – | – |
| Ireland | 1.8 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 10.2 | 15.7 | – | – | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | – | – | – | – |
| Italy | 6.4 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 0.8 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.1 |
| Netherlands | 1.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | – | – | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 3.2 | – | – |
| Norway | 2.1 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | – | 3.0 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.7 | – |
| Poland | 28.0 | 19.5 | 15.3 | 10.6 | 8.5 | 10.3 | – | – | 21.9 | 21.1 | 14.1 | 7.0 | 8.6 | 3.7 | – | – |
| Romania | – | 22.8 | 60.2 | – | 10.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 18.5 | 42.6 | 56.4 | – | – |
| Slovakia | – | 10.0 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 5.3 | 3.8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 6.0 | 5.7 |
| Spain | – | – | – | – | 2.7 | 2.4 | – | – | 3.5 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 5.4 | 2.2 | – | – |
| Sweden | 1.9 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Switzerland | – | 0.8 | 0.8 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | – | – | – | – | – | 1.0 | 1.5 | – | |
| UK | 3.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.2 |
| Argentina | 1.9 | –0.9 | 2.9 | 2.0 | –1.8 | –0.5 | 1.1 | – | 0.8 | –5.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | –0.2 | –1.7 | 1.0 | – |
| Australia | 4.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 3.0 | – | – | 1.9 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 5.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 |
| China | – | – | 1.8 | –1.5 | –1.3 | – | – | – | –1.5 | –2.5 | –2.5 | –1.2 | –0.2 | 0.5 | – | – |
| Egypt | – | – | – | – | – | 2.6 | – | – | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 |
| Hong Kong | 8.2 | 7.0 | 5.3 | –1.7 | –4.0 | –3.6 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 12.4 | 10.2 | 20.0 | –7.7 | –4.5 | –12.2 | 5.4 | 4.4 |
| India | – | – | – | 15.0 | 3.1 | 4.0 | – | – | 8.1 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.2 |
| Indonesia | 3.9 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 74.4 | 1.8 | 5.9 | – | – | 2.1 | 2.3 | 10.0 | 48.5 | 13.8 | 12.1 | – | – |
| Israel | 13.0 | 8.0 | 10.7 | 6.7 | 2.8 | 4.7 | – | – | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 4.6 | – | – |
| Japan | 0.9 | –1.7 | –0.6 | –3.5 | 0.3 | –0.2 | – | – | –2.7 | –1.3 | –0.3 | –2.2 | –1.6 | – | – | – |
| Kenya | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 10.0 | 9.1 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 2.9 | 25.7 | 13.6 |
| Malaysia | – | – | – | – | – | 1.5 | – | – | 2.0 | 0.9 | 3.2 | 0.4 | 4.0 | – | – | – |
| New Zealand | 2.9 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.4 | – | – | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | –0.4 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| Philippines | – | – | 5.3 | 10.2 | 5.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Saudi Arabia | 5.0 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Singapore | – | – | 2.3 | –1.4 | 0.9 | 1.7 | – | – | 5.2 | 8.9 | 2.7 | 0.0 | –14.2 | –8.2 | – | – |
| South Africa | – | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | – | – | – | – | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 11.8 | 6.5 | 4.2 | – |
| Sri Lanka | 7.7 | 15.9 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 4.7 | 17.7 | – | – | 6.2 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.5 |
| Taiwan | 2.0 | –0.5 | 5.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | –1.6 | –1.1 | –0.3 | 1.8 | –1.8 | 1.2 | –0.3 | 1.1 | –1.0 | –0.9 | –0.4 |
| Thailand | – | – | 7.0 | 5.8 | – | 2.3 | – | – | 5.7 | –0.9 | 8.1 | –1.7 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.6 |
| UAE | 4.5 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 8.3 | 0.0 | –3.8 | –1.6 | – | 4.5 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 8.3 | 0.1 | – | – | – |
| USA * | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 2.3 | 2.6 | – | – | 3.3 | 2.3 | 3.75 | 5.8 | 3.9 | 3.3 | – | – |
| * US building tender price inflation figures are an average for eight cities: Boston, Honolulu, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Pheonix, Portland, San Francisco and Seattle. | ||||||||||||||||
| ºÚ¶´ÉçÇø costs: offices and industrial (£/³¾2) | ||||||||||||
| City-centre heated offices | City-centre air-conditioned offices | Factories, warehouses, industrial | Out-of-town business park | |||||||||
| £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | |
| Country | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) |
| Austria | 937 | 1406 | – | 1156 | 1625 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cyprus | 288 | 555 | – | 324 | 618 | – | 188 | 398 | – | 419 | 837 | – |
| Czech Republic | 358 | 455 | 6 | 455 | 664 | – | 192 | 434 | 1 | 385 | 490 | 6 |
| Denmark | 932 | 1020 | 2 | 1173 | 1293 | 2 | 827 | 916 | 1 | 1181 | 1285 | 2 |
| Finland | 716 | 907 | 5 | 786 | 957 | 5 | 443 | 544 | 1 | 665 | 786 | 2 |
| France | 603 | 731 | 5 | 658 | 822 | 6 | 251 | 292 | 1 | 502 | 685 | 3 |
| Germany (Frankfurt) | 625 | 911 | – | 781 | 1072 | – | 260 | 443 | – | 729 | 996 | – |
| Greece | 287 | 555 | – | 324 | 616 | – | 188 | 396 | – | 417 | 836 | – |
| Hungary | 291 | 368 | 4 | 352 | 460 | 6 | 184 | 230 | 1 | 306 | 383 | 3 |
| Ireland | 677 | 951 | 5 | 837 | 1141 | 5 | 228 | 342 | 1 | 342 | 456 | 1 |
| Italy | 495 | 619 | 8 | 588 | 944 | 8 | 294 | 526 | 1 | 805 | 1037 | 1 |
| Netherlands | 610 | 742 | 6 | 733 | 965 | 8 | 294 | 454 | 1 | 666 | 775 | 1 |
| Norway | 699 | 1152 | 4 | 741 | 1234 | 5 | 411 | 987 | 1 | 987 | 1481 | 4 |
| Poland | 448 | 727 | – | 606 | 946 | – | 279 | 462 | 1 | – | – | – |
| Romania | 406 | 454 | 8 | 447 | 489 | 8 | – | – | – | N/A | N/A | – |
| Slovakia | 288 | 365 | 6 | 365 | 534 | 6 | 154 | 348 | 1 | 309 | 393 | 6 |
| Spain | 274 | 329 | – | 312 | 375 | – | 137 | 165 | – | 432 | 504 | – |
| Sweden | 607 | 704 | 4 | 635 | 807 | 4 | 435 | 566 | 1 | 552 | 690 | 1 |
| Switzerland | 682 | 826 | – | 826 | 1005 | – | 431 | 574 | – | 682 | 897 | – |
| UK | 900 | 1000 | 7 | 1250 | 1800 | 8 | 235 | 390 | 1 | 970 | 1180 | 4 |
| Argentina | N/A | N/A | – | 464 | 607 | 20 | 107 | 143 | 1 | 357 | 500 | 3 |
| Australia** | N/A | N/A | – | 569 | 923 | 24 | 177 | 247 | 1 | 410 | 597 | 3 |
| China | 565 | 741 | 25 | 590 | 767 | 25 | 233 | 405 | 2 | 690 | 845 | 3 |
| Egypt | 149 | 279 | 5 | 167 | 372 | 5 | 93 | 186 | 3 | 167 | 279 | 3 |
| Hong Kong | N/A | N/A | – | 961 | 1244 | 45 | 430 | 604 | 15 | 1198 | 1555 | 4 |
| India | N/A | N/A | – | 198 | 244 | 10 | 152 | 183 | 1 | 183 | 228 | 6 |
| Indonesia | N/A | N/A | – | 189 | 246 | – | 133 | 171 | – | 133 | 152 | – |
| Israel | N/A | N/A | – | 487 | 600 | 10 | 226 | 296 | 2 | 435 | 574 | 6 |
| Japan | N/A | N/A | – | 1662 | 2727 | 15 | 385 | 847 | 1 | 1495 | 2316 | – |
| Kenya | 229 | 320 | 8 | 274 | 384 | 8 | 165 | 210 | 1 | N/A | N/A | – |
| Malaysia | N/A | N/A | – | 188 | 338 | 30 | 84 | 131 | 2 | N/A | N/A | – |
| New Zealand | 428 | 514 | 20 | 514 | 599 | 25 | 86 | 171 | – | 285 | 371 | 2 |
| Oman | N/A | N/A | – | 408 | 676 | – | 204 | 510 | – | N/A | N/A | – |
| Philippines | N/A | N/A | – | 276 | 363 | 40 | 145 | 204 | 2 | 291 | 320 | 8 |
| Saudi Arabia | N/A | N/A | – | 571 | 951 | 7 | 399 | 666 | 1 | N/A | N/A | – |
| Singapore | N/A | N/A | – | 697 | 819 | 25 | 268 | 328 | – | 568 | 629 | – |
| South Africa †| 164 | 182 | – | 196 | 280 | – | 108 | 157 | – | N/A | N/A | – |
| Sri Lanka | N/A | N/A | – | 674 | 952 | 18 | 88 | 104 | – | 365 | 432 | 4 |
| Taiwan | 328 | 460 | 15 | 394 | 525 | 15 | 197 | 263 | 2 | 263 | 328 | 8 |
| Thailand | N/A | N/A | – | 358 | 456 | 30 | 114 | 147 | 2 | N/A | N/A | – |
| UAE | N/A | N/A | – | 389 | 680 | 20 | 194 | 389 | – | 369 | 534 | 3 |
| USA ††| 836 | 1140 | 4 | 954 | 1406 | 18 | 380 | 644 | 1 | 809 | 1208 | 3 |
| * Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identified by local offices. ** Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney. †South Africa figures are an average for Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria. ††USA figures are an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Pheonix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC. | ||||||||||||
| ºÚ¶´ÉçÇø costs: residential and retail (£/³¾2) | ||||||||||||
| High-rise apartments | Shopping centre | High-quality capital city hotel ** | Provincial/ suburban hotel ** | |||||||||
| £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 | floors* | |
| Country | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) | low | high | (typical) |
| Austria | 1062 | 1125 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cyprus | 345 | 492 | – | 293 | 523 | – | 523 | 837 | – | 335 | 471 | – |
| Czech Republic | 297 | 437 | 10 | 367 | 525 | 2 | 612 | 874 | 8 | 395 | 525 | 3 |
| Denmark | 852 | 948 | 5 | 1004 | 1092 | 1 | 1269 | 1358 | 5 | 940 | 1004 | 3 |
| Finland | 786 | 1139 | 4 | 544 | 665 | 2 | 1078 | 1199 | 5 | 836 | 957 | 3 |
| France | 484 | 621 | 10 | 411 | 639 | 2 | 1142 | 1462 | 8 | 639 | 822 | 4 |
| Germany (Frankfurt) | 521 | 677 | – | 651 | 911 | – | 1042 | 1172 | – | 651 | 911 | – |
| Greece | 343 | 493 | – | 292 | 523 | – | 523 | 836 | – | 335 | 470 | – |
| Hungary | 260 | 322 | 7 | 352 | 521 | 2 | 582 | 888 | 7 | 291 | 429 | 5 |
| Ireland | 533 | 685 | 5 | 1141 | 1446 | 2 | 913 | 1103 | 4 | 761 | 951 | 3 |
| Italy | 557 | 696 | 4 | 820 | 1176 | 1 | 712 | 1083 | 4 | 511 | 866 | 2 |
| Netherlands | 379 | 617 | 10 | 500 | 681 | 1 | 1111 | 1286 | 8 | 965 | 1063 | 4 |
| Norway | 561 | 935 | 3 | 560 | 905 | 2 | 1481 | 1646 | 5 | 741 | 1070 | 2 |
| Poland | 401 | 702 | – | 466 | 681 | 2 | 821 | 1025 | – | 562 | 821 | – |
| Romania | 272 | 314 | 8 | N/A | N/A | – | 629 | 698 | 7 | 503 | 545 | 5 |
| Slovakia | 239 | 351 | 10 | 295 | 421 | 2 | 492 | 702 | 8 | 317 | 421 | 3 |
| Spain | 328 | 393 | – | 298 | 357 | – | 468 | 562 | – | 343 | 418 | – |
| Sweden | 442 | 580 | 4 | 676 | 800 | 2 | 842 | 1028 | 6 | 662 | 786 | 4 |
| Switzerland | 718 | 933 | – | 502 | 646 | – | 1005 | 1220 | – | 646 | 861 | – |
| UK | 900 | 1500 | 8 | 800 | 1300 | 2 | 1450 | 1750 | 10 | 1100 | 1300 | 4 |
| Argentina | 321 | 428 | 25 | 428 | 571 | 3 | 643 | 714 | 20 | 357 | 428 | 4 |
| Australia †| 457 | 783 | 15 | 392 | 588 | 2 | 858 | 1156 | 18 | 681 | 858 | 3 |
| China | 302 | 396 | 35 | 646 | 793 | 4 | 776 | 1077 | 25 | 603 | 879 | 15 |
| Egypt | 149 | 372 | 12 | 167 | 260 | 4 | 386 | 743 | 12 | 167 | 372 | 5 |
| Hong Kong | 915 | 1153 | 45 | 1034 | 1198 | 4 | 1052 | 1500 | 25 | N/A | N/A | – |
| India | 122 | 183 | 15 | 183 | 274 | 3 | 533 | 913 | 10 | 198 | 244 | 7 |
| Indonesia | 152 | 227 | – | 133 | 152 | – | 265 | 341 | – | 208 | 246 | – |
| Israel | 435 | 478 | 16 | 348 | 478 | 2 | 522 | 652 | 12 | 382 | 522 | 3 |
| Japan | 1752 | 1944 | 20 | 706 | 1752 | – | 2336 | 3497 | 20 | 1655 | 2137 | 10 |
| Kenya | N/A | N/A | – | 238 | 293 | 3 | 320 | 412 | 6 | 256 | 348 | 5 |
| Malaysia | 113 | 357 | 15 | 160 | 338 | 3 | 282 | 657 | – | 225 | 469 | – |
| New Zealand | 399 | 542 | 20 | 242 | 399 | – | 656 | 742 | – | 514 | 599 | – |
| Oman | 478 | 815 | – | 463 | 1112 | – | 510 | 917 | – | 389 | 713 | – |
| Philippines | 262 | 393 | 30 | 174 | 218 | 4 | 480 | 582 | 35 | 291 | 349 | 8 |
| Saudi Arabia | 666 | 913 | 7 | 571 | 951 | 2 | 761 | 923 | 7 | 609 | 977 | 4 |
| Singapore | 616 | 819 | 25 | 446 | 527 | – | 852 | 973 | – | 649 | 811 | – |
| South Africa ††| 222 | 328 | – | 173 | 236 | – | 295 | 397 | – | 222 | 292 | – |
| Sri Lanka | 599 | 767 | 15 | 358 | 478 | 4 | 746 | 970 | 10 | 460 | 530 | 4 |
| Taiwan | 591 | 722 | 14 | 427 | 490 | 10 | 460 | 525 | 15 | 360 | 490 | 10 |
| Thailand | 277 | 358 | 20 | 212 | 293 | 4 | 456 | 521 | 20 | 244 | 326 | 3 |
| UAE | 408 | 777 | 15 | 437 | 1166 | 3 | 486 | 971 | 15 | 408 | 680 | 7 |
| USA § | 684 | 1189 | 17 | 642 | 998 | 2 | 1357 | 1877 | 15 | 918 | 1222 | 5 |
| * Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identified by local offices. ** Excludes furniture, fittings and equipment. †Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney. ††South Africa figures are an average for Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria. § USA figures are an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Pheonix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC. | ||||||||||||
| Labour rates (£/hour) | ||||||
| Basic rate * | All-in rate ** | |||||
| Country | Unskilled | Semi-skilled | Skilled | Unskilled | Semi-skilled | Skilled |
| Austria | 4.55 | 4.98 | 5.88 | 9.31 | 10.02 | 11.40 |
| Cyprus | 3.09 | 3.35 | 3.98 | 4.92 | 5.50 | 6.80 |
| Czech Republic | 0.80 | 1.49 | 2.45 | 2.54 | 3.67 | 5.33 |
| Denmark | 10.84 | 12.13 | 13.33 | 20.73 | 23.54 | 25.55 |
| Finland | 5.04 | 6.65 | 7.76 | 8.67 | 11.49 | 13.50 |
| France | 5.48 | 6.39 | 7.76 | 10.96 | 12.79 | 15.53 |
| Germany (Frankfurt) | 5.51 | 6.74 | 10.72 | 18.38 | 19.91 | 22.98 |
| Greece | 3.17 | 3.35 | 4.05 | 4.93 | 5.63 | 6.87 |
| Hungary | 0.69 | 1.13 | 1.62 | 2.08 | 3.28 | 4.66 |
| Ireland | 5.92 | 6.73 | 7.40 | 10.63 | 12.22 | 13.29 |
| Italy | 6.19 | 6.81 | 7.74 | 13.63 | 14.78 | 15.66 |
| Netherlands | – | – | 15.50 | – | – | 17.81 |
| Norway | 5.84 | 9.35 | 10.85 | 16.46 | 17.95 | 21.32 |
| Poland | 1.21 | 1.49 | 1.80 | 2.25 | 2.78 | 3.34 |
| Romania | 0.53 | 0.71 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 1.06 | 1.33 |
| Slovakia | 0.63 | 1.19 | 1.97 | 2.04 | 2.88 | 4.21 |
| Spain | 4.32 | 4.68 | 5.04 | 6.48 | 6.84 | 7.20 |
| Sweden | 5.17 | 7.24 | 9.31 | 8.97 | 12.42 | 17.25 |
| Switzerland | 11.20 | 12.20 | 12.63 | 18.66 | 20.46 | 21.54 |
| UK | 4.78 | 5.46 | 6.35 | 6.30 | 7.23 | 8.44 |
| Argentina | 1.64 | 2.00 | 2.36 | 3.21 | 3.93 | 4.64 |
| Australia †| 5.55 | 6.01 | 6.32 | 9.85 | 10.52 | 11.09 |
| China | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.48 | 0.22 | 0.34 | 0.55 |
| Egypt | 0.37 | 0.63 | 1.12 | 0.56 | 0.84 | 1.49 |
| Hong Kong | 6.95 | 0.00 | 11.16 | 7.96 | 0.00 | 12.81 |
| India | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.28 | 0.34 |
| Indonesia | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.38 |
| Israel | 4.17 | 5.22 | 6.95 | 4.87 | 6.61 | 9.04 |
| Japan | 11.61 | 14.95 | 17.52 | 17.45 | 22.46 | 26.31 |
| Kenya | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.70 |
| Malaysia | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.03 | 1.31 | 2.16 |
| New Zealand | 2.85 | 4.42 | 5.71 | 3.42 | 5.56 | 6.99 |
| Oman | 0.56 | 0.74 | 1.02 | 1.20 | 1.48 | 1.85 |
| Philippines | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.64 | 0.52 | 0.63 | 0.73 |
| Saudi Arabia | 0.86 | 1.14 | 1.90 | 1.62 | 2.09 | 2.85 |
| Singapore | 1.46 | 1.95 | 2.43 | 2.39 | 2.47 | 2.64 |
| South Africa ††| 0.70 | 1.25 | 2.10 | 0.88 | 1.61 | 2.72 |
| Sri Lanka | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.30 |
| Taiwan | 0.41 | 0.47 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 0.98 | 1.09 |
| Thailand | 0.41 | 0.65 | 0.90 | 0.49 | 0.73 | 0.98 |
| UAE | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.97 | 1.17 | 1.22 | 1.42 |
| USA § | 15.51 | 18.47 | 22.00 | 23.20 | 28.50 | 34.35 |
| * Basic labour rate is the amount paid to a site operative, based on figures issued by the government of each country. In many cases, employers may be paying above or below the basic rate. ** All-in rate includes guaranteed overtime payments, National Insurance contributions, other statutory contributions, importation of labour and other costs incurred in employment of labour. The all-in labour rate for the Middle East includes the cost of importing labour, food and accommodation. †Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney. ††South Africa figures are an average for Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria. § USA figures are an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Pheonix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC. | ||||||
| ºÚ¶´ÉçÇø materials supply prices | |||||||||||
| Steel rebar high yield | Structural steel | Ordinary cement | Concrete, (20 N/mm2) | Aggregate all grades | Sand (coarse) | Plaster | Carcassing timber | Common bricks | Concrete blocks (100 mm) | Glass (6 mm) | |
| Country | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³¾3 | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð | £/³¾3 | £/1000 | £/³¾2 | £/³¾2 |
| Austria | 272 | – | 84 | – | 9 | 10 | 107 | – | – | – | – |
| Cyprus | 194 | 659 | 37 | 21 | 5 | 5 | 47 | 206 | 141 | 7 | 6 |
| Czech Republic | 280 | 490 | 41 | 24 | 6 | 6 | 29 | 96 | 122 | 6 | 5 |
| Denmark | 651 | 552 | 100 | 108 | 7 | 6 | 69 | 314 | 222 | 14 | – |
| Finland | 293 | 629 | 63 | 33 | 5 | 5 | 176 | 126 | – | 6 | 20 |
| France | 484 | 639 | 69 | 37 | 13 | 12 | 70 | 183 | 219 | 7 | 11 |
| Germany (Frankfurt) | 236 | 502 | 63 | 41 | 11 | 8 | 116 | 173 | 202 | 13 | 22 |
| Greece | 194 | 658 | 37 | 21 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 206 | 141 | 7 | 6 |
| Hungary | 331 | 475 | 46 | 20 | 8 | 7 | 83 | 144 | 119 | 7 | 9 |
| Ireland | 266 | 799 | 67 | 42 | 6 | 6 | 92 | – | 228 | 3 | 19 |
| Italy | 198 | 526 | 56 | 43 | 10 | 9 | 68 | 161 | 50 | 6 | 18 |
| Netherlands | 481 | 789 | 62 | 50 | 14 | 16 | 92 | 198 | 107 | 14 | 18 |
| Norway | 299 | 1047 | 97 | 49 | 7 | 7 | 94 | 135 | 299 | 11 | 21 |
| Poland | 236 | 290 | 38 | 27 | 7 | 2 | 57 | 146 | 105 | 6 | 4 |
| Romania | 237 | 237 | 31 | 23 | 10 | 10 | 50 | 384 | 94 | 2 | 6 |
| Slovakia | 246 | 433 | 36 | 22 | 5 | 5 | 25 | 84 | 108 | 5 | 5 |
| Spain | 360 | 378 | 40 | 37 | 8 | 9 | 68 | 157 | 68 | 4 | 12 |
| Sweden | 417 | 580 | 66 | 63 | 10 | 6 | 169 | 166 | 193 | 10 | 12 |
| Switzerland | 689 | – | 122 | 68 | 23 | 32 | 158 | 301 | – | – | 14 |
| UK | 377 | 613 | 80 | 63 | 12 | 12 | 131 | 208 | 180 | 8 | 21 |
| Argentina | 336 | 571 | 79 | 56 | 16 | 4 | 82 | 57 | 86 | 6 | 19 |
| Australia * | 383 | 485 | 85 | 41 | 11 | 8 | 103 | 242 | 168 | 7 | 13 |
| China | 215 | 259 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 4 | 19 | 125 | 23 | 3 | 4 |
| Egypt | 232 | 372 | 45 | 33 | 4 | 2 | – | 158 | 22 | 2 | 6 |
| Hong Kong | 189 | 334 | 60 | 46 | 7 | 4 | 55 | 132 | 74 | 7 | 4 |
| India | 264 | 335 | 41 | 37 | 12 | 3 | 30 | – | 23 | 5 | 8 |
| Indonesia | 171 | 303 | 30 | 23 | 4 | 3 | 121 | – | 19 | 1 | 3 |
| Israel | 243 | 743 | 47 | 40 | 78 | 2 | 43 | 574 | – | 6 | 8 |
| Japan | 186 | 449 | 57 | 77 | 26 | 28 | – | 340 | – | 10 | 13 |
| Kenya | 412 | 549 | 91 | 55 | 8 | 7 | – | 101 | – | 4 | 8 |
| Malaysia | 225 | 507 | 38 | 24 | 6 | 3 | 84 | 137 | 39 | 3 | 1 |
| New Zealand | 342 | 428 | 61 | 47 | 8 | 9 | – | 228 | 194 | 6 | 14 |
| Oman | 371 | 741 | 54 | 24 | 2 | 4 | 41 | 204 | – | 4 | 9 |
| Philippines | 225 | 304 | 40 | 33 | 9 | 6 | – | 165 | – | 1 | 33 |
| Saudi Arabia | 285 | 571 | 49 | 38 | 4 | 2 | 67 | 152 | N/A | 3 | 23 |
| Singapore | 207 | 288 | 33 | 18 | 4 | 4 | – | 296 | 55 | 4 | 11 |
| South Africa ** | 264 | 526 | 38 | 29 | 6 | 4 | 41 | 144 | 43 | 3 | 14 |
| Sri Lanka | 298 | 454 | 54 | 45 | 6 | 3 | – | 270 | 17 | 2 | 5 |
| Taiwan | 184 | 434 | 39 | 33 | 6 | 8 | – | 281 | 33 | 7 | 8 |
| Thailand | 187 | 489 | 33 | 37 | 5 | 4 | 81 | – | 10 | 5 | 5 |
| UAE | 185 | 291 | 31 | 27 | 7 | 12 | 165 | 291 | – | 3 | 16 |
| ±«³§´¡â€ | 526 | 1214 | 112 | 67 | 12 | 11 | 162 | 155 | 273 | 14 | 39 |
| * Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney. ** South Africa figures are an average for Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria. †USA figures are an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Pheonix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC. | |||||||||||
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